Storax Sedan was a shallow underground nuclear test conducted in Area 10 of Yucca Flat at the Nevada National Security Site on July 6, 1962 as part of Operation Plowshare, a program to investigate the use of nuclear weapons for mining, cratering, and other civilian purposes. The Sedan Crater is the largest human-made crater in the United States, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Sedan was a thermonuclear device. The design of the Sedan device was similar to that used in Shot Bluestone and Swanee of operation Dominic conducted days and months prior to Sedan respectively, and not unlike the W56 high yield Minuteman I missile warhead. The device had a diameter of 17 in., length of 38.0 in., and a weight of 468 lb.
The explosive device was lowered into a shaft drilled into the desert 636 ft. deep. The fusion-fission blast had a yield equivalent to 104 kilotons of TNT (435 terajoules) and lifted a dome of earth 300 ft. above the desert floor before it vented at three seconds after detonation, exploding upward and outward displacing more than 11,000,000 long tons of soil. The resulting crater is 330 ft. deep with a diameter of about 1,280 ft. A circular area of the desert floor five miles across was obscured by fast-expanding dust clouds moving out horizontally from the base surge, akin to pyroclastic surge. The blast caused seismic waves equivalent to an earthquake of 4.75 on the Richter scale
The Plowshare project developed the Sedan test in order to determine the feasibility of using nuclear detonations to quickly and economically excavate large amounts of earth and rock. Proposed applications included the creation of harbors, canals, open pit mines, railroad and highway cuts through mountainous terrain and the construction of dams. Assessment of the full effects of the Sedan shot showed that the radioactive fallout from such uses would be extensive. Public concerns about the health effects and a lack of political support eventually led to abandonment of the concept. No such nuclear excavation has since been undertaken by the United States.
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